What is the definition of hypercapnia?

Hypercapnia refers to an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the bloodstream. This condition can occur when the body is unable to effectively remove CO2, often due to respiratory failure or inadequate ventilation. Elevated carbon dioxide levels can lead to a variety of physiological responses, including respiratory acidosis, which disrupts the acid-base balance in the body. Symptoms of hypercapnia can include headache, confusion, drowsiness, and in severe cases, it can lead to loss of consciousness. Understanding this condition is crucial, especially in the context of diving and high-pressure environments, where proper gas exchange is critical for safe practices.